Improvement in apparatus for distilling



P. W. WILLARD. 'ROTARY STILL.

No.2?,503 'Patented Mar. 13, 1860.

HH HH H H H H HH H k UNITED STATES PATENT GFFICE.

FRANKEN iV. MULLARD, OF NEV YORK;4 N. Y., ASSIGNOR TO HIMSEIIF AND c'. ALLEN, or noSroN, MASSACHUSETTS.

.IMPROVEMENT IN APPARATUS FOR DIASTILLING.V

Speciiication forming part of L cttrrs Patent No. 27,503, datcdMarcli 13,1860.

5 useful Improvements in Apparatus for Distilling` Liquids, and more particularly Pyrogenic Oils; and I do hereby .declare that the folowing description, taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, 'hereinafter referred to, forms'a full and exact specification of the same, wherein I have set forth the nature and principles ot' my said improvements, by which my invention may be distinguished from all others of asimilar class, together with suoli parts as I claim and desire to have secured lto me by Letters Patent.

The figures of the accompanying` plate of drawings represent my improvements.

'Figure l is a central longitudinal verticalj section of' my new apparatns. Fig. 2 isa transverse vertical section of the saine.

In all processes for distilling iiq'uids-it isV highly important to keep the still and its contents at one uniform temperature throughout its whole extent, the degree of heat de` sired to be always maintained being that at which vaporization takes place. In distilling pyrogenic 'oils this is particularly essential, as too great a degree of hea-t produces gases which cannot be reconverted into oily vapors,iand are, therefore, lost, andthepresence of which, moreover, injures the color and quality of the resultant liquid. To pro- -the material to be acted upon remains in onev body, and the heat is applied only at the bottomand this is the case even where devices have been introduced to agitate the liquid in stationary stills-which I am aware has been done-"the effect bcing'merely to give motion to the liquid without separating its particles,

and therefore expose one portion ot' it to a greater degree of heat than another.

' The-above desired results, which have never before been successfully attained, are the obufacts aimed at and secured by my invention. -To accomplish these results I use a revolving still, in which the material to be acted upon is placed, having attached to'or within its interior a series of rotating buckets ofany desired -forni or capacity, the heat being applied to the apparatus in anyproper manner. -By

i these means the still is not only kept at one uniform temperature throughout, but every portion of the material to be acted upon is takcn'up and separated, as it were, into thin iilms or p'articles,'which are exposed to an additional heatingsnrface, thereby, of course, producing vaporization much more .rapidly thanwhere `the liquid is allowed to' remain in one body, or nearly so, as has'heretofore been the case in all similar-processes, the buckets, which necessarily receive the same degree of heatas-t-he, revolving still, adding very Inaterially to the extent of the heating-surface of -the same. YBy this method is prevented also th'e formation of' deposits, whichin ordinary ldistilling.apparatus adhere to the surface of the still, and the removal of which is very dit icult, especially indistilling coal-oils, where the residue is a Vcarbonaceous-matter, which can be separated from the still only hy the use of forcible means, and the presence of which in time weakens-=and destroys the metal '.of which it is composed.

c a la in -the d rawings represent a brick furnace, of'which b I) is the tire-chamber, c c the dues, and d Athe chimney or exit-passage for the products of combusti on, which pass through and around the iiues c c, as shown byarrows inFig. l.

XVit-hin the l'urniace c c c Is a cylindrical still, c c, resting upontubular bearings f f g g, and made to revolve in any suitable manner. The liquid to be evaporated is fed in through the tuheff from a reservoir.

To the interior circumference of the still e c are a't-tachcdaA series of floats or buckets, h 11,

rec., of any desired shape or capacity. These evaporated and carry a portion of it partially around the still, thereby separating it into thin films, which become rapidly vaporized.

cape of such portions of the liquid as are n n-- 'vaporized, yet allows the vapors to passioni;

freely', Ia'fter which their condensation can be eected by any suitable method.

Having thusdescribed my improvements, what I claim fas my invention, and. desire to have secured to me by Letters Patent, is

The method herein described .of distilling and evaporating liquids, the same consisting in the employment of arevolvin-g still provided within its interior with a series of buckets, whereby while the still is maintained at a uniform temperature the liquid which is to be acted upon is kept in motion, and portions ot the same successively separated, taken u p, and returned to the mass i-n thin films, substanially as specified and,for the purposes set orth.

FRANKLIN W. WILLARD. Witnesses: f

JOSEPH' G Avitr'r, A.. W. BROWN. 

